{"id":88538,"date":"2019-10-11T13:25:30","date_gmt":"2019-10-11T11:25:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scribbr.nl\/?p=88538"},"modified":"2022-10-03T13:53:22","modified_gmt":"2022-10-03T11:53:22","slug":"apa-seventh-edition-changes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scribbr.com\/apa-style\/apa-seventh-edition-changes\/","title":{"rendered":"APA 7th edition: The most notable changes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.amazon.com//dp//143383216X?tag=scribbr00-20&amp;linkCode=osi&amp;th=1&amp;psc=1\%22><img class=\"size-full alignright d-none d-sm-block\" src=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//wp-content//uploads////2019//10//apa-manual-7th-edition-cover-e1570793003581.jpg/" alt=\"APA Manual 7th edition cover\" width=\"225\" \/><\/a>In October 2019, the American Psychological Association (APA) introduced the <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////apastyle.apa.org//products//publication-manual-7th-edition/">7th edition of the APA Publication Manual<\/a>, which replaces the <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////apastyle.apa.org//products//4200067/">6th edition<\/a> published in 2009.<\/p>\n<p>In that time a lot of things have changed. Citing online material has become more common, the use of inclusive and bias-free language is increasingly important, and the technology used by researchers and students has changed.<\/p>\n<p>The 7th edition addresses these changes by providing better and more extensive guidelines. This article outlines the biggest changes that you should know about.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<div class=\"card youtubeContainer\"><iframe src=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.youtube.com//embed//zeSIXD6y3WQ?rel=0\%22 frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h2>References and in-text citations in APA Style<\/h2>\n<p>When it comes to citing sources, more guidelines have been added that make citing online sources easier and clearer.<\/p>\n<p>In total, 114 examples are provided, ranging from books and periodicals to audiovisuals and social media. For each reference category, an easy template is provided to help you understand and apply the citation guidelines. The biggest changes in the 7th edition are:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>The publisher location is no longer included in the reference.<\/strong>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\">Covey, S. R. (2013). <em>The 7 habits of highly effective people: Powerful lessons in personal change<\/em>. <span class=\"highlight\">New York, NY:<\/span> Simon &amp; Schuster.<\/li>\n<li>Covey, S. R. (2013). <em>The 7 habits of highly effective people: Powerful lessons in personal change<\/em>. Simon &amp; Schuster.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>The <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-style//in-text-citation///">APA in-text citation<\/a> for works with three or more authors is now shortened right from the first citation. You only include the first author\u2019s name and \u201cet al.\u201d.<\/strong>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\">(Taylor, Kotler, Johnson, &amp; Parker, 2018)<\/li>\n<li>(Taylor et al., 2018)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Surnames and initials for up to 20 authors (instead of 7) should be provided in the <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-style//reference-entry///">reference\u00a0entry<\/a>.<\/strong>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\">Miller, T. C., Brown, M. J., Wilson, G. L., Evans, B. B., Kelly, R. S., Turner, S. T., <span class=\"highlight\">. . .<\/span> Lee, L. H. (2018).<\/li>\n<li>Miller, T. C., Brown, M. J., Wilson, G. L., Evans, B. B., Kelly, R. S., Turner, S. T., Lewis, F., Nelson, T. P., Cox, G., Harris, H. L., Martin, P., Gonzalez, W. L., Hughes, W., Carter, D., Campbell, C., Baker, A. B., Flores, T., Gray, W. E., Green, G., <span class=\"highlight\">. . .<\/span> Lee, L. H. (2018).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//citing-sources//what-is-a-doi///">DOIs<\/a> are formatted the same as URLs. The label \u201cDOI:\u201d is no longer necessary.<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\">doi: 10.1080\/02626667.2018.1560449<\/li>\n<li>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/\u200b02626667.2018.1560449<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>URLs are no longer preceded by \u201cRetrieved from,\u201d unless a retrieval date is needed. The website name is included (unless it\u2019s the same as the author).<\/strong>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\">Streefkerk, R. (2019, October 11). APA 7th edition: The most notable changes [Blog post]. <span class=\"highlight\">Retrieved from<\/span> https:\/\/www.scribbr.com\/apa-style\/apa-seventh-edition-changes\/<\/li>\n<li>Streefkerk, R. (2019, October 11). APA 7th edition: The most notable changes. <span class=\"highlight\"><em>Scribbr<\/em>.<\/span> https:\/\/www.scribbr.com\/apa-style\/apa-seventh-edition-changes\/<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>For <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-examples//book///">ebooks<\/a>, the format, platform, or device (e.g. Kindle) is no longer included in the reference, and the publisher is included.<\/strong>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\">Br\u00fcck, M. (2009). <em>Women in early British and Irish astronomy: Stars and satellites<\/em> <span class=\"highlight\">[Kindle version].<\/span> https:\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-90-481-2473-2<\/li>\n<li>Br\u00fcck, M. (2009). <em>Women in early British and Irish astronomy: Stars and satellites<\/em>.\u00a0<span class=\"highlight\">Springer Nature.<\/span> https:\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-90-481-2473-2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Clear guidelines are provided for including contributors other than authors and editors. For example, when citing a <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-examples//apa-podcast-citation///">podcast episode<\/a>, the host of the episode should be included; for a <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-examples//tv-show///">TV series episode<\/a>, the writer and director of that episode are cited.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li class=\"mt-3\"><strong>Dozens of examples are included for online source types such as <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-examples//podcast///">podcast episodes<\/a>, <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-examples//twitter///">social media posts<\/a>, and <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-examples//youtube///">YouTube videos<\/a>. The use of emojis and hashtags is also explained.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Inclusive and bias-free language<\/h2>\n<p><a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-style//apa-language-guidelines//#inclusive\">Writing inclusively<\/a> and without bias is the new standard, and APA\u2019s new publication manual contains a separate chapter on this topic.<\/p>\n<p>The guidelines provided by APA help authors reduce bias around topics such as gender, age, disability, racial and ethnic identity, and sexual orientation, as well as being sensitive to labels and describing individuals at the appropriate level of specificity. Some examples include:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"9\">\n<li><strong>The singular \u201cthey\u201d or \u201ctheir\u201d is endorsed as a gender-neutral <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//nouns-and-pronouns//pronouns///">pronoun<\/a>.<\/strong>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\">A researcher&#8217;s career depends on how often <span class=\"highlight\">he or she<\/span> is cited.<\/li>\n<li>A researcher&#8217;s career depends on how often <span class=\"highlight\">they<\/span> are cited.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Instead of using <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//language-rules//adjectives///">adjectives<\/a> as <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//category//nouns-and-pronouns///">nouns<\/a> to label groups of people, descriptive phrases are preferred.<\/strong>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\">The poor<\/li>\n<li>People living in poverty<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Instead of broad categories, you should use exact age ranges that are more relevant and specific.<\/strong>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\">People over 65 years old<\/li>\n<li>People in the age range of 65 to 75 years old<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>APA Paper format<\/h2>\n<p>In the 7th edition, APA decided to provide different <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-style//format///">paper format guidelines for professional and student papers<\/a>. For both types, a sample paper is included. Some notable changes include:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"12\">\n<li><strong>Increased flexibility regarding fonts: options include Calibri 11, Arial 11, Lucida Sans Unicode 10, Times New Roman 12, and Georgia 11.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>The <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-style//apa-running-head///">running head<\/a> on the <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-style//apa-title-page///">title page<\/a> no longer includes the words \u201cRunning head:\u201d. It now contains only a page number and the (shortened) paper title.<\/strong>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\"><span class=\"highlight\">Running head:<\/span> THE EFFECT OF GOOGLE ON THE INTERNET<\/li>\n<li>THE EFFECT OF GOOGLE ON THE INTERNET<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>The <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-style//apa-running-head///">running head<\/a> is omitted in student papers (unless your instructor tells you otherwise).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-style//apa-headings///">Heading levels<\/a> 3-5 are updated to improve readability.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Mechanics of style<\/h2>\n<p>In terms of style, not much has changed in the 7th edition. In addition to some updated and better explained guidelines, there are two notable changes:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"16\">\n<li><strong>Use only one space after a period at the end of a sentence.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Use double quotation marks instead of italics to refer to linguistic examples.<\/strong>\n<div class=\"kb-textbox mt-3 smaller-text\">\n<ul class=\"kb-checklist\">\n<li class=\"error\">APA endorses the use of the singular pronoun <em class=\"highlight\">they<\/em><\/li>\n<li>APA endorses the use of the singular pronoun <span class=\"highlight\">\u201cthey\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>APA 7th edition citation generator<\/h2>\n<p>With Scribbr\u2019s<a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//citation//generator///"> free citation generator<\/a> you can easily cite your sources according to the new 7th edition guidelines. It\u2019s accurate, fast, and easy to use. Give it a try!<br \/>\n<a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//apa-citation-generator///"><img src=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//wp-content//uploads//2019//10//scribbr-apa-citation-generator.png/" alt=\"Scribbr APA Citation Generator\" class=\"card\" style=\"margin-top: 20px;\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Free lecture slides<\/h2>\n<p>Are you a teacher or professor who would like to educate your students about the APA 7th edition changes? Great! You can download our free lecture slides, available for Google Slides and Microsoft PowerPoint.<\/p>\n<div class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\"><iframe src=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////docs.google.com//presentation//d//e//2PACX-1vRB4DCIA1Cza0HQlCUNG_nq5OuWxbkqkOfdPquhyJ_U-bT-ZCJutfcStLiy94V3SfCZPuSJB7pocq27//embed/" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"btn btn--small btn--blue\" href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////docs.google.com//presentation//d//19wGvksFKwvVEkxyyqpNqPp6sQzga96d3tt85xvqUqhU//view/">Open Google Slides<\/a><a class=\"btn btn--small btn--blue\" href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//wp-content//uploads////2020//02//APA-7th-edition-lecture-slides-Scribbr.pptx/">Download PowerPoint<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Buying the new 7th edition APA Manual<\/h2>\n<p style=\"position: relative;\"><a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.amazon.com//dp//143383216X?tag=scribbr00-20&amp;linkCode=osi&amp;th=1&amp;psc=1\%22>Buy<\/a> the APA Manual 7th edition today to keep up with the latest changes.<br \/>\n    <h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n<dl class=\"faq-list faq-list--arrows w-100 my-5\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/FAQPage\">\n            <div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n            <dt id=\"adoption-7th-edition-apa-manual\" class=\"faq-list__title\">\n                <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//frequently-asked-questions//adoption-7th-edition-apa-manual///" class=\"faq-list__link qa-faq-anchor\">\n                    <span itemprop=\"name\">\n                        When will people start using the 7th edition APA Manual?\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/a>\n            <\/dt>\n            <dd id=\"adoption-7th-edition-apa-manual-answer\" class=\"faq-list__answer qa-faq-answer kb-article-styles\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                <div itemprop=\"text\">\n                                        <p>The American Psychological Association <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////apastyle.apa.org//Blog//transition-seventh-edition/">anticipates<\/a> that most people will start using the 7th edition in the spring of 2020 or thereafter.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s best to ask your supervisor or check the website of the journal you want to publish in to see which APA guidelines you should follow.<\/p>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/dd>\n        <\/div>\n            <div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n            <dt id=\"buy-or-download-7th-edition\" class=\"faq-list__title\">\n                <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//frequently-asked-questions//buy-or-download-7th-edition///" class=\"faq-list__link qa-faq-anchor\">\n                    <span itemprop=\"name\">\n                        Where can I buy or download the APA Manual 7th edition?\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/a>\n            <\/dt>\n            <dd id=\"buy-or-download-7th-edition-answer\" class=\"faq-list__answer qa-faq-answer kb-article-styles\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                <div itemprop=\"text\">\n                                        <p>The APA Manual 7th edition can be purchased at <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////amzn.to//2Oa2ivI/">Amazon<\/a> as a hardcover, paperback or spiral-bound version. You can also buy an ebook version at <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////redshelf.com//book//1281425//publication-manual-of-the-american-psychological-association-1281425-9781433832185-american-psychological-association/">RedShelf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/dd>\n        <\/div>\n            <div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n            <dt id=\"most-current-edition-apa-manual\" class=\"faq-list__title\">\n                <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////www.scribbr.com//frequently-asked-questions//most-current-edition-apa-manual///" class=\"faq-list__link qa-faq-anchor\">\n                    <span itemprop=\"name\">\n                        What is the most current edition of the APA manual?\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/a>\n            <\/dt>\n            <dd id=\"most-current-edition-apa-manual-answer\" class=\"faq-list__answer qa-faq-answer kb-article-styles\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                <div itemprop=\"text\">\n                                        <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <a href=https://www.scribbr.com/"https:////amzn.to//2Oa2ivI/">7th edition APA Manual<\/a>, published in October 2019, is the most current edition. However, the 6th edition, published in 2009, is still used by many universities and journals.<\/span><\/p>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/dd>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/dl><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In October 2019, the American Psychological Association (APA) introduced the 7th edition of the APA Publication Manual, which replaces the 6th edition published in 2009. In that time a lot of things have changed. Citing online material has become more common, the use of inclusive and bias-free language is increasingly important, and the technology used [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[50079,50088],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<title>APA 7th Edition (2020) | The 17 Most Notable Changes<\/title>\n<!-- Added by HTTrack --><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /><!-- /Added by HTTrack -->
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